Development
| Bash | |
| C | |
| C++ | |
| Elixir | |
| Fortran | |
| Go | |
| Haskell | |
| Java | |
| JavaScript | |
| .NET/C# | |
| PHP | |
| Python | |
| Ruby | |
| Erlang | |
| COBOL | |
| Rust | |
| TypeScript |
| Boilerplate code | |
| Types of copying |
Before you start programming, it is useful to find and read a book
about the operating system you plan to use.
For example, it is useful to understand the
PATH environment variable.
Programming language popularity from 1965 to 2019
Timeline of programming languages
This is a selection, not a complete list of programming languages.
- 1958 Fortran II
- 1959 Lisp
- 1964 Basic
- 1970 Pascal
- 1972 C
- 1977 Bourne Shell
- 1978 MATLAB
- 1979 AWK
- 1983 Turbo Pascal
- 1983 Objective-C
- 1983 C++
- 1986 LabVIEW
- 1986 Erlang
- 1987 Perl
- 1987 Mathematica
- 1989 Bash
- 1990 Haskell
- 1990 Z Shell
- 1991 Python
- 1991 Visual Basic
- 1992 Borland Pascal
- 1993 R
- 1993 ZPL
- 1995 Borland Delphi
- 1995 Java
- 1995 PHP
- 1995 Ruby
- 1995 JavaScript
- 1995 Curl
- 2000 C#
- 2003 Scala
- 2004 Groovy
- 2005 F#
- 2006 Windows PowerShell
- 2009 Go
- 2010 Rust
- 2011 Dart
- 2011 Kotlin
- 2012 Elixir
- 2012 TypeScript
- 2014 Swift
- 2018 Fortran 2018
- 2020 C++20
os-book
cgi.di.uoa.gr
www.linux.com
mrbook.org
greenteapress.com
cgi.di.uoa.gr