virtualenvwrapper Python

Introduction

virtualenvwrapper was originally written for UNIX-like operating systems by Doug Hellmann (eng. Doug Hellmann)

For Windows there are two versions: virtualenvwrapper-win for the regular console and virtualenvwrapper-powershell for PowerShell

virtualenvwrapper-win

Let's look at working with virtualenvwrapper-win and virtualenvwrapper-powershell

Installation

pip install virtualenvwrapper-win

Or for Linux

pip install virtualenvwrapper

For Linux and MacOS

After installation you need to check exactly where virtualenvwrapper was installed

This can be done with the command

which virtualenvwrapper.sh

usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

vi .profile

You need to add the following code

source usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

Restart the terminal and add two more lines

export WORKON_HOME="/home/andreyolegovich/virtualenvs" export PROJECT_HOME="/home/andreyolegovich/projects"

The first line is not mandatory - some directory will be created by default anyway.

But without the second one it will not work mkproject which creates projects, so I recommend adding it.

Getting started

After installation execute

workon

Nothing found. Although we have already created virtual environments. Apparently, the reason is that virtualenvwrapper-win stores the environments in another place.

Let's run

lsvirtualenv

It can be seen that the environments are on drive C in the Envs folder of the user Andrei

Creating a new environment

You can create a new environment with the mkvirtualenv command

mkvirtualenv testEnv

lsvirtualenv

This environment is already visible

workon

workon also saw the new environment.

To activate it we enter

workon testEnv

If nothing happens, check which console you are working in, for example, virtalenvwrapper-win does not work with PowerShell.

You need to work in the regular command line or install virtualenvwrapper-powershell

Creating a new project

Now I want to create the heihei project for working on the site HeiHei.ru

mkproject heihei

Let's create a new environment variable for Windows.

If you do not know how to do this - read the article PATH

After you have added the system variable, you may need to restart the computer.

mkproject heihei

As you have already seen, mkproject also creates a virtual environment and activates it automatically.

When creating a project you can specify which version of python to use

mkproject -p python3 topbicycle.ru

To link the active virtual environment to the current directory, run

servirtualenvproject

To delete the virtual environment, run

rmvirtualenv topbicycle.ru

To create a temporary unnamed virtual environment, run

mktmpenv

virtualenvwrapper

Let's look at working with virtualenvwrapper in Ubuntu

Installation

It must be installed globally, that is, there is no need to activate a virtual environment before installation. Make sure you have deactivated it.

Execute command

pip install virtualenvwrapper

or

pip3 install virtualenvwrapper

or

python3 -m pip install virtualenvwrapper

After installation you need to check exactly where virtualenvwrapper was installed.

This can be done with the command

which virtualenvwrapper.sh

/home/andrei/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

Configuring the profile

Let's edit the file .profile

This is a file with part of the configuration of your shell, for example Bash there are also other files with the Bash configuration, for example bashrc , read more in the article «Bash basics» for now it is enough to know about .profile

Let's go to the home directory

cd ~

And run

vi .profile

More about working with vi read in the article «Introduction to the vi editor»

The default .profile looks approximately like this:

# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells. # This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login # exists. # see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples. # the files are located in the bash-doc package. # the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask # for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package. #umask 022 # if running bash if ] -n " $BASH_VERSION" [; then # include .bashrc if it exists if ] -f " $HOME/.bashrc" [; then . " $HOME/.bashrc" fi fi # set PATH so it includes user' s private bin if it exists if ] -d " $HOME/bin" [ ; then PATH=" $HOME/bin:$PATH" fi # set PATH so it includes user' s private bin if it exists if ] -d " $HOME/.local/bin" [ ; then PATH=" $HOME/.local/bin:$PATH" fi alias ls=' ls -la'

You need to add the following code to the end

source /home/andrei/.local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

After source the result of the which virtualenvwrapper.sh command is given

Restart the terminal and add two more lines

export WORKON_HOME="/home/andrei/python/virtualenvs" export PROJECT_HOME="/home/andrei/python/projects"

The first line is not mandatory - some directory will be created by default anyway.

But without the second one it will not work mkproject which creates projects, so I recommend adding it.

Getting started

After installation execute

workon

answerit_env tutorial_env

lsvirtualenv

It can be seen that the environments are on drive C in the Envs folder of the user Andrei

Creating a new environment

You can create a new environment with the mkvirtualenv command

mkvirtualenv testEnv

lsvirtualenv

This environment is already visible

workon

workon also saw the new environment.

To activate it we enter

workon testEnv

If nothing happens, check which console you are working in, for example, virtalenvwrapper-win does not work with PowerShell.

You need to work in the regular command line or install virtualenvwrapper-powershell

Creating a new project

Now I want to create the heihei project for working on the site HeiHei.ru

mkproject heihei

ERROR: set environment variable PROJECT_HOME to the directory where projects are stored.

Let's create a new environment variable for Windows.

If you do not know how to do this - read the article PATH

After you have added the system variable, you may need to restart the computer.

mkproject heihei

As you have already seen, mkproject also creates a virtual environment and activates it automatically.

When creating a project you can specify which version of python to use

mkproject -p python3 topbicycle.ru

To link the active virtual environment to the current directory, run

servirtualenvproject

To delete the virtual environment, run

rmvirtualenv topbicycle.ru

To create a temporary unnamed virtual environment, run

mktmpenv

Possible problems

1

If when restarting the console you see

-bash: usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh: No such file or directory

Then in .profile you specified source incorrectly

2

Article author: Andrei Olegovich